CHILDREN DEVELOPMENT IN PSYCHOLOGICAL VIEW

Serba Serbi Pendidikan -- Talked about children is like in midst of a grassland, which did not know where the edges. All interesting to be discussed, but because this is not a psychological research, so that it is just talk a limit part of it.

Play age children are impossible to get responsibility for what they done as the adult. The children in underage are forbidden to make decision with their dependence his mind. Actually psychological of children develop from he is born to the world. The prejudice that children are not with live psychology in their childhoods are wrong prejudice. Therefore from first birthday is formed his psychology and characterized as who and what (environment) around him.  It is impossible to understand children psychology without understand sides: jismiyyah (physical), nafsiyyah (mentality), żihniyyah (psycological) and ijtima‘iyah (social) simultaneously.

The children in going concern development period: jismiyan (psycal), ‘aqliyan (mind) and infi‘aliyan (emotion). Therefore no permanent period in live of children. 48 There are wrong opinions according to Paul Hack in his book How to Bring Your Children Successfully” that:

a.   No deservedly to children to ask and doubt who more mature.

b.   All children and the behaviors are same.

c.    The punishment, guilt and regret are effective to guide the children.

d.   The children learn more from what the parent said than what they are doing.

e.   Approbation is fondling children.

f.     The children may not become frustrated.

g.    Hard punishment is the most effective when priorities.

h.   The children must quite early that the adults.

According to Hurlock  (1978) there are developments  in children life. They are: physical development, motor development, speech development, emotional development, social development, social adjustment, play development, development of creativity, development of understanding, moral development and sex-role development

According to Bühler (1893-1974) there are five steps in psychology development of human:

a.   a.Beginning

b.   b.Ascending

c.    c.Live top period

d.   d.Descent

e.   e.Live ending

And four turning points in physical human development are:

a.   Onset of sexual maturity : for the boys + 15 years and girls + 13 years

b.   Cessation of physical growth : woman +18 years and man 15 +

c.    Menopause : woman + 40-46 years, man still unknown

d.   Beginning of biological descent 52

As along with growth of the children will learn many things in this world, the primarily is learn how to survive as social creature. So then, from first time the children are born feel the air of the world they will support automatically to get their attachment behavior. Attachment behavior is encouragement and desire of individual to get his viscidity with other person to look for the satisfaction in the relationship.

There are 2 behaviors that support the people become chosen as object of attachment behavior:

a.   Often have interaction to children behavior in order to get the attention of them.

b.   Often have spontaneously interaction with the children.

The most probable to be object of attachment behavior is mother, because she is who has intensive relationship since they were born. But they can get another object of attachment behavior grounded on dependence of children.

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